What is Quantum Computing?
Quantum computing is a rapidly emerging technology, a type of computation that harness the collective properties of quantum states such as superposition, calculations and interference. It harnesses the laws of quantum mechanics to solves complex problems for classical computers. The devices which perform quantum computations are known as quantum computers.
Quantum computing is a study focused on developing computer technology base on the principle of quantum theory. Quantum computing uses combination of bits to perform special computer tasks.
Whenever engineers and scientists face any critical problems, they move to supercomputers. These are very large classical computers with thousands of CPUs and GPUs cores.
There are various types of quantum computers including one-way quantum computer, quantum circuit model, adiabatic quantum computer, quantum turning machine, quantum cellular automata. The most widely used is quantum circuit model based on quantum bit or “qubit”.
History:
Quantum computing begun in 1980 when physicist Paul Benioff proposed quantum mechanical model of Turning machine. Quantum theory’s development began in 1900 with presentation by Max Planck to introduced the idea that the energy and matter exists in individual units.
What is Qubit?
In today’s world, classical computers use bit, which can be 0 or 1. Quantum computers use qubits which are usually subatomic particles such as electrons or protons. A qubit cab be either of those or superposition of both 0 and 1. Quantum computing is made up of qubits which has some quantum properties that connected and provide more processing power than the same number of binary bits.
A Comparison between Classical Computer and Quantum Computer:
Classical computers perform everyday tasks which are use for everyday work performed by computer. Classical computers use transistors, which are either 1 or 0. Whereas, Quantum computers are great for running complex problems, simulations, data analysis and much more. Quantum computes uses qubits which can be 1 or 0 at the same time.
Quantum computers are kept into ultra-cold places and only used to perform complex tasks and it is very expensive and difficult to build as compared to classical computers.
A quantum computer is many times faster than the classical computer or even faster than the supercomputers.
For example, Google has been working through years building a quantum computer and spent billions of dollars to build their quantum computer by 2029. Google’s quantum computer “Sycamore” which is able to perform complex calculations in 200 second and became one of the world’s fastest computer.
